Empirical Study of the Effect of Nanocoolant Particles on Corrosion Rate of 316 Stainless Steel
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International Journal of Corrosion publishes research dedicated to understanding, managing, and preventing corrosion in all its manifestations. The journal welcomes the submission of both fundamental and highly applied studies.
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The study of pipeline corrosion is crucial to prevent economic losses, environmental degradation, and worker safety. In this study, several machine learning methods such as recursive feature elimination (RFE), principal component analysis (PCA), gradient boosting method (GBM), support vector machine (SVM), random forest (RF), K-nearest neighbors (KNN), and multilayer perceptron (MLP) were used to estimate the thickness loss of a slurry pipeline subjected to erosion corrosion. These different machine learning models were applied to the raw data (the set of variables), to the variables selected by RFE, and to the variables selected by PCA (principal components), and a comparative analysis was carried out to find out the influence of the selection and transformation of the data on the performance of the models. The results show that the models perform better on the variables selected by RFE and that the best models are RF, SVM, and GBM with an average RMSE of 0.017. By modifying the hyperparameters, the SVM model becomes the best model with an RMSE of 0.011 and an -squared of 0.83.
Corrosion Behaviour of a Cr2O3 Coating on Mild Steel in Synthetic Mine Water
The Cr2O3 coating on the surface of ASTM A516 Grade 70 mild steel substrates was developed using the thermal plasma spraying process for protection against corrosion and wear. The microstructural behaviours for both coating and substrate were analysed using SEM and XRD techniques. The corrosion behaviours of the coatings and substrate in synthetic mine water with varying pH values (6, 3, and 1) were evaluated according to ASTM standards for potentiodynamic polarisation measurements. Tafel plots were drawn to determine the corrosion rates. Vickers hardness of the coatings and substrate were measured. The Cr2O3 coating exhibited cracks due to the solidification and cooling process, as well as some pores between the top and bonding layers caused by unmelted or partially melted particles. The corrosion tests revealed that a decrease in pH levels led to increased corrosion rates in both samples. The Cr2O3 coating demonstrated superior corrosion resistance, ranging from mm/year to mm/year, compared to the mild steel substrate, which ranged from mm/year to mm/year, across all pH values. Moreover, it exhibited significantly greater hardness ( HV3) than the mild steel substrate ( HV3). The lower corrosion rates and higher hardness of Cr2O3 coating than the mild steel substrate make it a suitable coating in applications where corrosion resistance and high hardness properties are essential.
Carbon Dioxide Corrosion Mechanisms: Historical Development and Key Parameters of CO2-H2O Systems
The recent failures in flexible pipes have motivated the exhaustive research of corrosion mechanisms on high-strength carbon steel armor wires that are the main structural compounds of those structures that mostly operate in seawater environments in the presence of carbon dioxide (CO2) and confined spaces. Recently, the literature reported discoveries about electrolyte properties (as Fe+2(aq)/HCO3-(aq.) ratio) and supersaturation, near neutral pH inside the confined space, multiphase reactions of contaminants present in CO2 gas, the formation and dissolution mechanism of FeCO3 film, and interaction of CO2 gas impurities with the corrosion scale. Therefore, this review is aimed at presenting an up-to-date narrative of the CO2 corrosion phenomenon in carbon steel, connecting background fundamentals with current data studies.
The Inhibitory Properties of the Ambroxol Derivative on the Corrosion of Mild Steel in Hydrochloric Acid Medium
A compound 2-(6,8-dibromo-3-(4-hydroxycyclohexyl)-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinazolin-2-yl)phenol was synthetised from ambroxol hydrochloride and salicylaldehyde. The structure of the compound was studied with UV, IR, Raman, and 1H NMR spectroscopy. The inhibitory ability of the synthetised compound on the corrosion of mild stainless steel EN Fe37-3FN in 0.5 M hydrochloric acid solution was studied using gravimetric and electrochemical methods, including potentiodynamic polarisation and EIS. It was shown that the inhibitory activity of the compound increases with the increase of its concentration in a solution. An addition of 3 mg/l of the compound reduces the corrosion rate by 20% and that of 400 mg/l by 85%. The data of gravimetric and electrochemical measurements coincide well. The sorption of the compound on the metal surface obeys the Langmuir adsorption isotherm, and the nature of adsorption is physical. The compound exhibits the chelating activity with both ferrous and ferric ions in the acidic solution. The synthetised compound may be a good choice for the inhibition of steel corrosion in acidic environments.
Investigation of Wall Thickness, Corrosion, and Deposits in Industrial Pipelines Using Radiographic Technique
In this study, radiographic techniques were used to inspect large-diameter pipes that are used for transporting fluids in some industries in Ghana. Radiographic approaches such as the double wall technique (DWT) and tangential radiographic technique (TRT) were used to evaluate the remaining wall thickness, deposits, and corrosion in the pipes. Two steel pipes with known varying wall thicknesses ranging from 4.00 mm to 13.00 mm with a diameter of 150.00 mm were examined to authenticate the accuracy and reliability of the tangential method that was used to measure the remaining wall thickness. The tangential configuration resulted in a higher material thickness, which therefore required more time of exposure compared to the DWT method. The exposure angle of the source to the tangential part of the specimen was approximately 87°. The film generated was compared with a normal pipe piece that was not machined to serve as a control. From the radiograph obtained, an average of 6 and 7 rounded indications depicting pitting corrosion were revealed on the radiograph of the internally and externally fabricated pipe, respectively. Radiographs after the TRT revealed that the recorded wall thickness obtained from the film is about twice the value of the calculated true wall thickness.
Sodium Citrate as an Environmentally Friendly Corrosion Inhibitor of Steel in a Neutral Environment
In this work we investigated the inhibiting effect of sodium citrate, an environmentally safe corrosion inhibitor, on low-alloy steel 09G2S in a neutral environment using electrochemical methods. Potentiodynamic studies showed that sodium citrate reduces corrosion currents of 09G2S steel in a 0.1% NaCl solution and reaches its maximum efficiency at a concentration of 2.5 g/l. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy results indicate the adsorption of citrate ions and the formation of a protective film, which probably consists of Fe-citrate complexes. The formation of a protective film on the steel surface in sodium citrate-inhibited solutions was confirmed by the results of scanning electron microscopy and EDX analysis. Hence, our research shows that sodium citrate has satisfactory anticorrosion properties and can be used as a basic component during the development of environmentally safe inhibitor compositions for the protection of low-alloyed carbon steels in neutral environments of recirculating water supply systems in petroleum refineries, petrochemical plants, and other industries.